Describer (Date): Linnaeus (1760) Simia pygmaeus
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Subfamily: Homininae
Genus: Pongo
Species: pygmaeus
Subspecies: P. p. pygmaeus (Bornean Orangutan), P. p. abelii (Sumatran Orangutan)

Body Weight: males 45-100 kg, females 35-40 kg
Body Length: males 956 mm, females 776 mm
Standing Height: males 1366 mm, females 1149 mm
Tail Length: none
Pelage: long, flowing, red
Sexual Dimorphism: pronounced

Range: fragmented forests of Sumatra and Borneo (Indonesia)
Habitat: alluvial forests, swamps, mountain foothills
IUCN Status: vulnerable
CITES Appendix: I
Population in Wild: 14,000-25,000
ISIS captive population

Locomotion: primarily arboreal
Activity Cycle: diurnal; bimodal feeding pattern (morning and afternoon) with resting/napping in between
Social Groups: males usually solitary, females with young or solitary, groups of adolescents.
Diet: fruit is preferred; also leaves, bark, seeds, and insects
Predators: humans; possibly clouded leopard and Sumatran tiger

Sexual Maturity: 6-8 years old
Gestation: 227-301 days
Litter Size: usually one, rarely two
Birth weight: 2-6 kg
Age at Weaning: 5-8 years old
Longevity: 45-60 years in the wild

Feature Facts: orangutan means "person of the forest" in Malay; the arms are about twice as long as the trunk, spanning 7 feet; orangutans are the most solitary ape; males are dimorphic (adult and subadult) causing early researchers to call them separate species; the feet are like another set of hands -prehensile with long toes; orangutans might exhibit simple, primitive culture (still under debate)
Society Press: Ken Allen, beloved and infamous for his numerous escape attempts, resided at the San Diego Zoo from 1971 until his death in 2000